Use the other tabs (Civil War Battles, Civil War People, Gold Rush, Immigrants, Immigration, Inventors, Panama Canal and McKinley- go to more drop down menu to get these!!!!!!!!)
Civil War: Important People
Lesson 1 & 2 Chapter 1: Social StudiesThe Civil War 1861-1865
Lesson 1 Vocabulary
Sectionalism
A loyalty to a section or part of the country rather than to the whole country
Point of view
The way a person looks at or thinks about a topic or situation
Lesson 1 Review:
Two Regions
North
North
Abolitionist
Slave codes- Laws to control the behavior of slaves and make life difficult for them
Underground Railroad- An organized, secret system set up to help enslaved people escape from the South to freedom in the North or Canada
Lesson 2 Review:
Slaves had no rights
He and his followers killed about 60 whites
Captured and hanged
Joseph Cinque – Amistad
Took over a Spanish Slave Ship
Was tricked by a Spanish Sailor who sailed them to the coast of the US.
US voted to send the surviving 35 Africans back to Africa
African Americans Resist Slavery p. 2
African Americans Resist Slavery
Free African Americans
Emancipation Proclamation:- Written by President Abraham Lincoln
-was intended to end slavery
- Lincoln announced if fighting did not stop and the states did not rejoin the Union, then measures would be taken to free slaves in the rebellious states
-Document only applied to those slaves in seceded states. There were still slaves in the Border States. Border States supported the Union, so Lincoln did not free the slaves in those states.
Ch 1 Lesson 3 & 4 Social Studies:The Struggle Over Slavery
Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Missouri Compromise
1819- 11 free states/11 slave states
Missouri wanted to be a slave state
South agreed & North disagreed
South believed in “states rights”
Compromise: Missouri/slave state & Maine/free state
New north states/free & new south states/slaves
Compromise of 1850
1849 California wanted to be a free state
Then more free than slave states
CA can be free state and Northern states pass Fugitive Slave Law
Law states that runaway slaves must be returned to owners
Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854 Nebraska split into two territories: Nebraska/Kansas
Congress passed act
Allowed each territory to vote for/against slavery
Kansas voted for slavery; some voters not from KA
Northerners claimed it illegal vote; violence broke out: “Bleeding Kansas”
Dred Scott Decision: A Divided Country
1857 court case
He was a slave but claimed he was free
Supreme Court ruled he was not free
Court decided African Americans were not citizens and had no rights
Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Novel described cruelties of slavery
John Brown: Harper’s Ferry
White abolitionist
1859 attempted to start an armed slave revolt
On United States Arsenal at Harpers Ferry in Virginia
Raid was defeated by Marines led by Col. Robert E. Lee
Found guilty of treason against Virginia and hanged
Abraham Lincoln: A New Political Party
Ideas about slavery caused Whig party to split
Whigs against slavery formed Republican Party
Lincoln was Republican and against spread of slavery
Did not want country to go to war over slavery
Abraham Lincoln
Elected president in 1860
Did not get any Southern electoral votes
Southerners afraid he would end slavery
And their opinions would not matter to new government
The First Shots Are Fired
Chapter 1 Lesson 4
Southern States Secede
February 1861 seven Southern states break away or secede from the U.S.
States that remained loyal to U.S. were called the Union.
States that seceded were called the Confederacy.
Confederacy created own constitution. Supported states’ rights and slavery.
Elected Jefferson Davis as their president.
Concerned that U.S. would oppose the Confederacy.
When Lincoln became president, Confederacy controlled most of military property in the South.
Fort Sumter, in South Carolina, was still under Union control.
The War Begins
April 1861 Confederates demanded Union surrender Fort Sumter.
Fort’s commander did not immediately surrender.
Davis ordered Confederate soldiers to attack fort, starting the Civil War.
Civil War is war between people of same country. Lincoln responded by sending 75,000 Union soldiers to put down Confederate rebellionSome states angered by war so joined the Confederate side. Now 11 Confederate states and 23 Union. Four Union states were slave states. Not sure what side to join.
Called border states because located between Union and Confederacy.
Lincoln wanted to keep these states in the Union.
He said main reason for fighting was to hold U.S. together, not to abolish slavery.
Southerners fought to preserve states’ rights and slavery.
War also called War Between the States.
Civil War lasted longer than anyone expected.
- Henry Clay 1777-1852
- Lawyer, Planter
- Nicknames, “The Great Compromiser”
- Helped create the Missouri Compromise
- Created the Compromise of 1850
- Compromise of 1850
- Robert E. Lee 1807-1870
- Army Officer
- Turned down Lincoln’s offer to command the Union Army
- Commander of the Confederate forces during the Civil War.
- Became commander of the Army of Northern Virginia
- Plantation Owner
- Served as United States Senator from Mississippi
- President of the Confederacy during the Civil War
- Wrote a book about the Confederate government
- Lawyer, President during the Civil War
- Opposed the spread of slavery
- President of the United States from 1861 to 1865, during the Civil War
- Gave the Gettysburg Address at the Gettysburg Cemetery in Pennsylvania
- Issued the Emancipation Proclamation
Confederate general during the Civil War - Nickname given because he would hold his place as armies approached
- Most popular leader of war
- Army Officer, President
- Won the first major Union victory of the Civil War at Fort Donelson
- Appointed to command the Union Armies by President Lincoln
- Elected President of the United States in 1868
- About 1820-1913
- Conductor on the Underground Railroad, Abolitionist
- Escaped from Slavery in 1849 and settled in Philadelphia
- Made 19 trips to the South on the Underground Railroad and helped free more than 300 slaves
- Spoke out against slavery and for women’s rights
- 1821-1912
- Volunteered as a nurse during the Civil War
- Nicknamed the “Angel of the Battlefield”
- Founded the American Red Cross
Lesson 1 & 2 Chapter 1: Social StudiesThe Civil War 1861-1865
Lesson 1 Vocabulary
Sectionalism
A loyalty to a section or part of the country rather than to the whole country
Point of view
The way a person looks at or thinks about a topic or situation
Lesson 1 Review:
Two Regions
North
- More populations living in cities (Urban Areas)
- 9 out of 10 largest cities
- Larger population total
- More factories
- Wanted higher tariffs on Great Britain’s imported goods to encourage more purchases for American-made items
- Caused sectionalism
- More populations living in rural (farms and small towns)
- Smaller population total
- Less factories
- Wanted lower tariffs on Great Britain’s imported goods so their costs would be low
- Caused Sectionalism
North
- Outlawed slavery in most northern states by 1850
- Northern factory workers worked long hours, under difficult conditions, for low pay
- Even free African Americans still did not have the same voting rights as whites; some had to own land before voting
- Still no rights to full citizenship
- 6 out of 10 slaves worked in the field
- Crops were cotton, tobacco, and rice
- Many slaves lived on small farms and worked alongside a small group of slaves or even the owner
Abolitionist
- David Walker
- “How would they like us to make slaves of …them?”
- Argued the wrongs of owning slaves
- Believed that the evils of the plantations were better for their slaves than the low pay that Northern factory workers received
- 1860 – about 4 million slaves in the United States
Slave codes- Laws to control the behavior of slaves and make life difficult for them
Underground Railroad- An organized, secret system set up to help enslaved people escape from the South to freedom in the North or Canada
Lesson 2 Review:
Slaves had no rights
- No choices
- Could be moved when they were sold
- Couldn’t control to whom they were sold
- Families could be broken up
- Were told when to stop and start work
- Could not leave the plantation without permission
- Slave owners decided whether slaves could marry
- Slave owners decided the age of children to begin work
- Not allowed to own property
- Few were allowed to buy and sell goods
- Slave Rebellion
He and his followers killed about 60 whites
Captured and hanged
Joseph Cinque – Amistad
Took over a Spanish Slave Ship
Was tricked by a Spanish Sailor who sailed them to the coast of the US.
US voted to send the surviving 35 Africans back to Africa
African Americans Resist Slavery p. 2
African Americans Resist Slavery
- Refused to obey owner
- Holding back on the amount of work that they did
- Worked slowly
- Pretended to be sick
- Broke the tools that they needed to do work
- Breaking rules to read and write
- Underground Railroad
Free African Americans
- Free African Americans faced losing their freedom
- Had to have a certificate of freedom so they wouldn’t be transported back to the South
- Finding work was difficult due to threats and violence from white workers
- New Orleans- More African Americans owned land than anywhere else
Emancipation Proclamation:- Written by President Abraham Lincoln
-was intended to end slavery
- Lincoln announced if fighting did not stop and the states did not rejoin the Union, then measures would be taken to free slaves in the rebellious states
-Document only applied to those slaves in seceded states. There were still slaves in the Border States. Border States supported the Union, so Lincoln did not free the slaves in those states.
Ch 1 Lesson 3 & 4 Social Studies:The Struggle Over Slavery
Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Missouri Compromise
1819- 11 free states/11 slave states
Missouri wanted to be a slave state
South agreed & North disagreed
South believed in “states rights”
Compromise: Missouri/slave state & Maine/free state
New north states/free & new south states/slaves
Compromise of 1850
1849 California wanted to be a free state
Then more free than slave states
CA can be free state and Northern states pass Fugitive Slave Law
Law states that runaway slaves must be returned to owners
Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854 Nebraska split into two territories: Nebraska/Kansas
Congress passed act
Allowed each territory to vote for/against slavery
Kansas voted for slavery; some voters not from KA
Northerners claimed it illegal vote; violence broke out: “Bleeding Kansas”
Dred Scott Decision: A Divided Country
1857 court case
He was a slave but claimed he was free
Supreme Court ruled he was not free
Court decided African Americans were not citizens and had no rights
Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Novel described cruelties of slavery
John Brown: Harper’s Ferry
White abolitionist
1859 attempted to start an armed slave revolt
On United States Arsenal at Harpers Ferry in Virginia
Raid was defeated by Marines led by Col. Robert E. Lee
Found guilty of treason against Virginia and hanged
Abraham Lincoln: A New Political Party
Ideas about slavery caused Whig party to split
Whigs against slavery formed Republican Party
Lincoln was Republican and against spread of slavery
Did not want country to go to war over slavery
Abraham Lincoln
Elected president in 1860
Did not get any Southern electoral votes
Southerners afraid he would end slavery
And their opinions would not matter to new government
The First Shots Are Fired
Chapter 1 Lesson 4
Southern States Secede
February 1861 seven Southern states break away or secede from the U.S.
States that remained loyal to U.S. were called the Union.
States that seceded were called the Confederacy.
Confederacy created own constitution. Supported states’ rights and slavery.
Elected Jefferson Davis as their president.
Concerned that U.S. would oppose the Confederacy.
When Lincoln became president, Confederacy controlled most of military property in the South.
Fort Sumter, in South Carolina, was still under Union control.
The War Begins
April 1861 Confederates demanded Union surrender Fort Sumter.
Fort’s commander did not immediately surrender.
Davis ordered Confederate soldiers to attack fort, starting the Civil War.
Civil War is war between people of same country. Lincoln responded by sending 75,000 Union soldiers to put down Confederate rebellionSome states angered by war so joined the Confederate side. Now 11 Confederate states and 23 Union. Four Union states were slave states. Not sure what side to join.
Called border states because located between Union and Confederacy.
Lincoln wanted to keep these states in the Union.
He said main reason for fighting was to hold U.S. together, not to abolish slavery.
Southerners fought to preserve states’ rights and slavery.
War also called War Between the States.
Civil War lasted longer than anyone expected.